Beforeigners. Un caso de segregación en una metrópoli multiculturalista / A Case of Segregation in a Multiculturalist Metropolis in The Beforeigners Series

Tomando como eje la noción de plus de gozar propuesta por Jacques Lacan en su seminario De un Otro al otro, el presente trabajo aborda diferentes modos en que la serie de ciencia ficción noruega Beforeigners pone en escena modalidades de la segregación en una sociedad en la que predominan ideales como la tolerancia y la inclusión

Taking as its axis the notion of surplus jouissance [plus-de-jouir], proposed by Jacques Lacan in his seminar from an Other to the other, this paper addresses different ways in which the Norwegian science fiction series Beforeigners stages modalities of segregation in a society in which values such as tolerance and inclusion predominate

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la rinosinusitis crónica en adultos. Consenso de expertos: Asociación Colombiana de Otorrinolaringología-2021. / Diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in adults. Expert consensus: Asociación Colombiana de Otorrinolaringología -2021.

Introducción: la Rinosinusitis Crónica se define como la inflamación crónica de la nariz y los senos paranasales por más de 12 semanas. La prevalencia varía entre el 5% - 30% de acuerdo con la zona geográfica según un estudio de carga de enfermedad (2012-2014), la prevalencia de las enfermedades respiratorias crónicas (rinitis y sinusitis crónica) varió entre el 10% y el 25%. Objetivo: establecer un conjunto de consideraciones basadas en consenso de expertos, para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la rinosinusitis crónica en pacientes adultos, en el contexto colombiano. Métodos: se llevó a cabo un consenso formal (Delphi y nominal). Se conformó un grupo de expertos, se definieron el alcance y las preguntas. Se realizaron dos rondas de calificación anónimas, y una discusión para las preguntas sin consenso. En las preguntas con opciones de uno a nueve, se consideró consenso con una mediana de uno a tres o de siete a nueve. En las preguntas tipo Likert, se consideró consenso un porcentaje igual o superior al 80% en acuerdos o desacuerdos. Resultados: se definieron y calificaron 18 preguntas, con la participación de 17 otorrinolaringólogos, de 8 ciudades colombianas, todos miembros de la Asociación Colombiana de Otorrinolaringología y con un promedio de experticia de 19.2 años (Desviación estándar [DE]: 10,2). Se obtuvieron 18 recomendaciones para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de esta patología. Conclusiones: las recomendaciones emitidas por los expertos permiten orientar y estandarizar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la rinosinusitis crónica en adultos, en el contexto de los servicios de salud en Colombia.

Introduction: Chronic Rhinosinusitis is defined as chronic inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses for more than 12 weeks. The prevalence varies between 5% - 30% depending on the geographical area according to a disease burden study (2012-2014), the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases (rhinitis and chronic sinusitis) varied between 10% - 25%. Objective: To establish a set of considerations based on expert consensus, for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in adult patients, in the Colombian context. Methods: A formal consensus (Delphi and nominal) was carried out. A group of experts was formed, the scope and questions were defined. Two anonymous grading rounds were conducted, and a discussion for questions without consensus. In the Questions with options from one to nine were considered consensus with a median of one to three or seven to nine. In the Likert-type questions, a percentage equal to or greater than 80% in agreements or disagreements was considered consensus. Results: 18 questions were defined and scored, with the participation of 17 otorhinolaryngologists, from eight Colombian cities, all members of the Colombian Association of Otorhinolaryngology and with an average experience of 19.2 years (Standard desviation [SD]: 10.2). 18 recommendations were obtained for the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Conclusions: The recommendations issued by the experts allow to guide and standardize the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in adults, in the context of health services in Colombia.

Vólvulo en el embarazo: reporte de un caso / Volvulus in pregnancy: a case report / Volvulus na gravidez: relato de caso

El vólvulo del colon es la causa más común de obstrucción intestinal durante la gestación, y representa una causa importante de morbimortalidad materna y fetal. Su diagnóstico clínico es difícil, debido a que el embarazo dificulta la adecuada identificación de signos y de síntomas. Ello explica que las imágenes diagnósticas sean indispensables como herramienta confirmatoria. La instauración de un rápido tratamiento es esencial para los pronósticos materno y fetal. Se presenta el caso clínico de una mujer de 33 años en el último mes de su gestación, y quien ingresa a un hospital de tercer nivel en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, por un cuadro clínico sugestivo de obstrucción intestinal. La Resonancia Nuclear Magnética (RNM) evidencia signos radiológicos sugestivos de vólvulo, por lo cual se decide realizar laparotomía de urgencia, que confirma vólvulo del sigmoide sin necrosis. Se devolvula manualmente y se fija a la gotera parietocólica, como medida transitoria, para posterior sigmoidectomía, como tratamiento definitivo. Se analiza el caso a la luz de la literatura científica disponible. El objetivo de este trabajo es familiarizar al personal de la salud con este cuadro clínico, para garantizar una rápida instauración del tratamiento, con el fin de evitar las complicaciones que se pueden desencadenar en quienes lo padecen.

Colonic volvulus is the most common cause of bowel obstruction during gestation and is an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Its clinical diagnosis is challenging because pregnancy hinder an adequate identification of signs and symptoms. This explains why diagnostic imaging is currently considered as the gold-standard for diagnosis. Placement on effective therapy is essential to ensure adequate maternal and fetal prognosis. We present the case of a 33-year-old woman in the last month of pregnancy, who was admitted into a third-level hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. She had a clinical scenario consistent with intestinal obstruction. Magnetic Nuclear Resonance (MRI) shows radiological findings suggestive of volvulus, so emergency laparotomy was performed. Non-necrotic sigmoid volvulus was confirmed. It was manually corrected and fixed to the parietal-like leak as a transient measure for subsequent sigmoidectomy as a definitive treatment. We present a review of the literature available in electronic databases and a critical analysis of the case management. The objective of this study is to familiarize health personnel with this clinical scenario, in order to ensure efficient treatment strategies and avoid common and potentially lethal complications

Vólvulo do cólon é a mais comum causa de obstruçãointestinal durante a gestaçãoe representa das principaiscausas de mortalidade e morbidade materna e fetal.diagnóstico clínico é difícil, porque a gravidez dificulta aidentificação adequada dos sinais e síntomas ou vólvulo de colon é para causar comum de mais de obstrução intestinal durante para gestação e representa uma que causa importante de morbimortalidad materno e fetal. Diagnosticar deles / delas clínico é difícil porque para gravidez impeça a apropriada de sinais de identificação e síntomas a ressonância magnética (RNM) nuclear comprova sinais sugestivos radiológicos de vólvulo para o que decide levar a cabo laparotomía de urgência que confirma vólvulo do sigmoide sem necrose. você devolvula manualmente e ele/ela nota ao parietocólica de vazamento goste de medida transitória para sigmoidectomía posterior goste de tratamento definitivo. Discutte o caso a luz da literatura científica disponivel objetivo deste trabalho é tornarse familiarizado com estepessoal saúde queadro clínico para asegurar um rápido establecimento do tratamento, a fin de evitar acomplições que podem ser acionadas em pessoas quesofrem com isso

Pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis associated with septic shock in an immunocompetent patient. case report

ABSTRACT Introduction. Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by the dimorphic fungus known as Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. This entity compromises mainly the lungs, but can spread to other organs, with particular trophism, through oral mucosa, adrenal glands, lymph nodes, among others. Case presentation. This paper reports the case of a male patient with pulmonary PCM treated at the Hospital Universitario de Santander. The patient was admitted with initial suspicion of active pulmonary tuberculosis due to the presence of multiple cavitations and nodules of random distribution in the lung parenchyma observed in the chest tomography, and subsequent isolation of yeasts compatible with Paracoccidioides. Amphotericin B deoxycholate was administered without favorable outcomes and development of septic shock by extended spectrum Klebsiella pneumoniae. In spite of multi-conjugate antibiotic management, the patient presented multiple organ failure syndrome with fatal outcome at 21 days of hospitalization. Conclusion. Pulmonary PCM is an endemic disease that leads to an inadequate immune response of the host that -along with risk factors such as smoking, alcohol abuse, malnutrition and low socioeconomic status- facilitates the onset of life-threatening infections or coexisting diseases. Timely diagnosis based on early clinical suspicion potentially influences the patient's survival.